摘要

摘要：首都是一个承载国家政权中枢功能的区域政治实体，它的功能定位、建设管理是一个国家政治生活中的重要内容，也是一个重要的宪法法律问题。新中国成立以来，北京的首都功能经过60余年的演变与拓展，确立了全国政治中心、文化中心、国际交往中心、科技创新中心的新功能定位，并将非首都功能的疏解纳入京津冀协同发展规划。本报告借鉴日本、韩国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国家的首都立法经验，立足京津冀协同发展的实际和实践，提出了比“首都经济圈”涵盖范围更广的“首都圈”概念，并从首都城市发展规模以及首都功能定位与布局的视角，对“首都圈”的机构设置与职权职责进行研究；阐述和分析了首都功能定位和功能实现立法保障的作用和机制，并从国家立法、首都立法和地方立法这三个立法主体、三个立法层次，提出适应首都功能实现和京津冀协同发展的立法架构。本报告建议将京津冀协同立法纳入首都立法体系中的“首都圈管理法”，并将京津冀城市规划内容纳入立法，规定首都区域划分、首都圈的概念和地域范围、首都圈建设的主要目标、首都圈管理规划以及首都圈管理的体制机制、组织机构、职权职责和运行程序，以立法来保障首都功能实现和非首都功能的有序疏解。

关键词：首都功能；首都立法；首都圈；京津冀；协同立法

Abstract:The capital city is the regional politi cal entity that carries the functions of the center of state power of the country.The functional orientation and the management of the construction of the capital city is an important content of the politi cal life of the country,as well as an important constitutional and legal issue.Today,the capital functional orientation of Beijing,after over 60 years of evolution and expansion since the founding of the People's Republic of China,has been established as the politi cal center,the cultural center,the international exchange center and the scientific and technologi cal innovation centre of China,with functions non-essential to Beijing's role as the capital city being relocated and incorporated into the plan for the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.This report,drawing on the experiences of capital legislation of such countries as Japan,South Korea,US,Canada and Australia and basing on the reality and practice of coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,puts forward the concept of“the capital circle”,which has broader coverage than the concept of“the capital economic circle”,carries out research on the institutional setup and related competences and responsibilities of“the capital circle”from the perspectives of the s cale of urban development,the functional orientation and the lay out of the capital city,expounds and analyzes the role and mechanism of legislative guarantee in the functional orientation and the realization of the functions of the capital city,and puts forward a legislative framework conducive to the realization of capital functions of Beijing and the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from the perspective of three subjects or levels of legislation,namely national legislation,capital legislation and lo cal legislation.The report proposes that China incorporate the legislation on the coordinated development of the Beijing-TianjinHebei region into the“law on the administration of the capital circle”in the capital legislative system and the content of the urban planning for Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei into relevant legislation,providing for such matters as the administrative division of the capital,the concept and geographic scope of the capital circle,the main objectives of the construction of the capital circle,the planning for the management of the capital circle,as well as the institutional mechanism,organizational structure,competences and responsibilities,and operational procedure of the management of the capital city,so as to guarantee through legislation the realization of capital functions and the orderly relocation of functions non-essential to Beijing's role as the capital city.

Key Words:functions of the capital city,capital legislation,the capital circle,the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,coordinated legislation