7-2 虚拟语气的动词形式

虚拟语气一共有七种基本形式，如下：

1．动词原形

动词原形，用于一切人称和数。例如：

Long live the people！人民万岁！

God bless you．愿上帝保佑你。

2．动词的过去式

动词的过去式，用于一切人称和数，be的过去式用were。例如：

If you loved me, you wouldn't say that．假若你爱我，你就不会说那种话。

If I were in your shoes, I'd accept the terms.假若我处在你的地位，我就会接受这些条件。

3．“had+过去分词”

had+过去分词，用于一切人称和数。例如：

If I hadn't had to study for the exam last night, I would have gone to your party.如果我昨天晚上不是必须为今天的考试做准备的话，我就会去你的晚会了。

The victim would have a chance to survive, if he had been taken to hospital in time.如果遇难者被及时送到医院，他就有机会活下来。

4．助动词should/would+动词原形

“should（第一人称）和would（第二、三人称）+动词原形”。例如：

If I were you, I should take his advice.我如果是你，就会听他的忠告。（美国英语常用would代替should）

He said he would go if I went．他说如果我去他就去。

5．助动词should/would+have+过去分词

“should（第一人称）和would（第二、三人称）+have+过去分词”。例如：

If they hadn't helped you, you would have done nothing.要不是他们当时帮了你，你现在肯定是一事无成。

If father hadn't sent me, I shouldn't have come.如果不是父亲派我来，我是不会来的。（美国英语常用would代替should）

6．助动词should+动词原形

“should+动词原形”，用于一切人称和数。例如：

It is desired that everything should be ready by eight o'clock.希望一切在八点前准备就绪。

They suggested that we should meet at the station．他们建议我们在车站会面。

7．助动词should+have+过去分词

“should+have+过去分词”，用于一切人称和数。例如：

It is strange that she should have done it．真奇怪，她竟会干出这种事来。

I should have taken his advice．我真该接受他的忠告。