The shortage has even reached posh parts of Delhi， the capital， whose pampered residents are usually insulated from many of the discomforts suffered by their compatriots.
电力短缺甚至波及到了首都德里的富裕地区。德里娇生惯养的居民通常不会与他们的同胞一样遭受很多生活不便。
主干：The shortage has even reached posh parts of Delhi
the capital
同位语：the capital是Delhi的同位语
whose引导的定语从句：whose pampered residents are usually insulated from many of the discomforts suffered by their compatriots.
whose是who的所有格形式
suffered by their compatriots是过去分词结构做后置定语修饰discomforts.