- AutoCAD 2020室内设计从入门到精通(升级版)
- 周晓飞
- 1695字
- 2021-02-26 11:29:02
4.7 上机实训二——绘制沙发组构件
通过上述各小节的详细讲述,相信读者对各种修改工具有了一定的认识和操作能力,下面绘制如图4-79所示的沙发组平面图例,在综合巩固所学知识的前提下,对本章所讲知识进行综合练习和巩固。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_130_3.jpg?sign=1739016827-qpGXFaHLegCcOaOweeksksF2F2g9ISYA-0-4f3d225bd127396ce7044a14adb588c5)
图4-79 沙发组平面图例
操作步骤
Step 01 单击“标准”工具栏→“新建”按钮,新建绘图文件。
Step 02 打开状态栏上的“对象捕捉”和“对象追踪”功能,并设置“对象捕捉模式”为“中点”捕捉和“端点”捕捉,如图4-80所示。
Step 03 选择菜单栏中的“视图”→“缩放”→“中心”命令,将视图高度调整为2400个绘图单位。
Step 04 按“REC”快捷键执行“矩形”命令,绘制长度为950个绘图单位、宽度为150个绘图单位的矩形,作为沙发靠背轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_131_4.jpg?sign=1739016827-bn024UziZgj19IilDyeU4R2fWsKrTCqY-0-6b032e21dddc6b66b756484001ee175a)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_131_5.jpg?sign=1739016827-PTmqjQvrfXTFKB9aJxgfDWvZzQk9mZi4-0-aacf7b5dc31eee01e0cc87e1a7e1cca0)
图4-80 设置“对象捕捉模式”
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_131_6.jpg?sign=1739016827-llKVKOCGWEKPu1OeNlUrEDna7pnIqtT9-0-8855183ed0577392f55c9c719dae16a8)
图4-81 绘制结果
Step 05 重复执行“矩形”命令,配合“捕捉自”功能绘制扶手轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_131_8.jpg?sign=1739016827-8lICU8tmE8ETW1uK9g8V5bNtdJFs4m27-0-b1918138e56ea79c6f86cdc94fbb012c)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_131_9.jpg?sign=1739016827-DwHLmrmDYs5zH22ZHSVlioAgCW3MI97I-0-7048983d4ac62a80c4e77f59d22e0ff9)
图4-82 捕捉端点1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_131_10.jpg?sign=1739016827-UttUxv2b9j81B1o2RTDWrtwaw1CVN64V-0-2032675c2ebbdb594d016d76a323a53a)
图4-83 捕捉端点2
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_131_11.jpg?sign=1739016827-DD8kT265lBAigDJmbCt1cvChL5J9WSl2-0-661127abce90918b47f2bcb760efe319)
图4-84 绘制扶手轮廓线结果
Step 06 选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“分解”命令,将三个矩形分解。
Step 07 选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“偏移”命令,将最上侧的水平轮廓线向下偏移750个绘图单位,将两侧的垂直轮廓线向内偏移90个绘图单位。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_131_14.jpg?sign=1739016827-hu9VPdbFgzRC1l50LRfbKZaMgNoSjDeq-0-a38e5a5489e9da18b1efca8496eed33d)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_132_1.jpg?sign=1739016827-hx1mlZTdBLWqa3v5bkLYdRSNAFZ0o5DU-0-75781f9cb4e9f87797d1870789b5d2c0)
Step 08 选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“延伸”命令,以最下侧的水平轮廓线为界,对其他两条垂直边进行延伸。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_132_3.jpg?sign=1739016827-32gVFur8vc3LevZCfQJe3OMj7VjR3WVf-0-7c1d7740b8f4e1153d29ab16d5cdb174)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_132_4.jpg?sign=1739016827-qEqMd7YK7dcVWzMHm22ppJLPBdsGXzje-0-5d1dda4fd1b53a7aa4d7b99cdea7c846)
图4-85 偏移结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_132_5.jpg?sign=1739016827-ArURIMKXWBSqGAfw0L77Tm5ZKsPZ0fZN-0-394dd898ae65e5cb8bddc80cfdc17ecb)
图4-86 选择边界1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_132_6.jpg?sign=1739016827-VpdqMbtVbLXFbNEAYy7vvjAIyCxqA1mv-0-5476ac9956227a5b6dcf2c86e5cbf017)
图4-87 延伸结果
Step 09 选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“修剪”命令,对下侧的水平边进行修剪。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_132_8.jpg?sign=1739016827-40jYqEuErJM77hPzpsRVaqBg5gdZRr0n-0-8617e645b8c59e90ce58fef55d50d5bf)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_133_1.jpg?sign=1739016827-2gZmy174MxO2hamgLFbB3lFdsmeSJBCQ-0-36cd6d387b0506498e6df0f1d800064c)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_133_2.jpg?sign=1739016827-ZBms1j4Sj1bSG9f39XlSw3ZtDmnxCstn-0-b887987872591892e6c8bede61ac11ff)
图4-88 选择边界2
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_133_3.jpg?sign=1739016827-1yaABGgyCQA0JtLkvLBV4Jb7RbfcZAQE-0-cef0fd107b70ed510e99eb13db1103c5)
图4-89 修剪结果
Step 10 选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“拉长”命令,对内部的两条垂直轮廓边进行编辑。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_133_5.jpg?sign=1739016827-4OwngsOeKiK87DlOp4d745XqOP8Ey4IC-0-b67a6b41903fd382caf77b35119a6b24)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_133_6.jpg?sign=1739016827-NejQuh7p2N1smfX65ndbfDDhN4ActqUQ-0-a2f5e14d614d12af46b95b69b43f1a3c)
图4-90 单击指定位置1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_133_7.jpg?sign=1739016827-NPb55mw28nyDgvipbdF3YfXEHmbh4ELB-0-04fbf3b4f723799066b6be161b79efda)
图4-91 单击指定位置2
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_133_8.jpg?sign=1739016827-Zm7tnVP1oK9DPh03r6S1jQdMFm6kLpzp-0-48fe55846bed5c6a228670f0efc271dd)
图4-92 操作结果
Step 11 选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“倒角”命令,对靠背轮廓边进行倒角编辑。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_133_10.jpg?sign=1739016827-AsWwHU542PRPczWMyAlapNMwjiPP2fEA-0-e839f61dd88496485681d0326fe87ec7)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_134_1.jpg?sign=1739016827-aYO3pU5MsZMtLAKOVamHcrQDPx00Rt9p-0-3dc63928dccdf8a5bba46fc3b812eebb)
Step 02 按“L”快捷键执行“直线”命令,配合端点捕捉功能,绘制如图4-95所示的水平轮廓边。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_134_3.jpg?sign=1739016827-Y8tILZ3wMRMWJAuqQ6sP4VYx6O8CsG6z-0-8048e98aa8bd5aeac0ccdb50bc4a5948)
图4-93 定位倒角边
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_134_4.jpg?sign=1739016827-TvL7ckq6tDBdkfISWjbuEcZKtJ2KryyV-0-dc89dbb6d8a1675963dc878aa07f006d)
图4-94 倒角结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_134_5.jpg?sign=1739016827-nbe3uAUrWRfCYSveYbcNjKZH4xNBANdY-0-a529e64e5f40455e3a5ceb34ec2d9fbd)
图4-95 绘制水平轮廓边结果
Step 13 单击“默认”选项卡→“修改”面板→“圆角”按钮,对下侧的轮廓边进行圆角。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_134_8.jpg?sign=1739016827-4IHHenc6ZggecJShAL2ZAcOUPXS27sRt-0-5918cf6dabfd0c6ab13702ebdac72bf8)
Step 14 在无命令执行的前提下拉出如图4-98所示的窗交选择框,然后按住鼠标右键拖动,当松开右键时,从弹出的快捷菜单中选择“复制到此处”选项,如图4-99所示,对其进行复制。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_134_10.jpg?sign=1739016827-VgyxVHTILwLYLCmF8iaCqMyjGmIy7dl4-0-58cc923d690b920ce64267d42a5ba9a8)
图4-96 定位圆角边
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_134_11.jpg?sign=1739016827-TU485QbWYUq9zAv3gL5I35OSNjJVym5Y-0-98650d2bba8bf36ba0726056767a65bf)
图4-97 圆角结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_134_12.jpg?sign=1739016827-vYfTEjVvxO2qyiu9SiYP7i2rl9gS9DdZ-0-da950bb61c49e98ff46e71d1af87d0ea)
图4-98 窗交选择框
Step 15 重复上一步操作,将沙发图形复制一份。
Step 16 单击“默认”选项卡→“修改”面板→“拉伸”按钮,配合“极轴追踪”功能,将复制出的沙发拉伸为双人沙发。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_135_1.jpg?sign=1739016827-8graSYN7yKOfNH8tuV9lncoYxxkPBtQ6-0-4af9c954f770136e83af447b51278720)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_135_2.jpg?sign=1739016827-9VI9NcpY4YZ48DZ1LguGHxoDQf3QGhoN-0-025b15c285199697bb67bf9c7e997ecc)
图4-99 右键菜单
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_135_3.jpg?sign=1739016827-O3SqgswwgwaVdN2AEyseF7WIjKwB0OpJ-0-edd361c40389a1428fbe9e5611f48405)
图4-100 窗交选择框
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_135_4.jpg?sign=1739016827-bbKKQMfoaz87q67tmguOvZJP3Rd0FpqW-0-a5ac8091cf5648fae18a531d5caafd31)
图4-101 引出极轴矢量
Step 17 按“L”快捷键执行“直线”命令,配合“中点捕捉”功能绘制如图4-103所示的分界线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_135_6.jpg?sign=1739016827-A3I0YOCsVi1BPPZXEjeHP5VlwGbzGchG-0-86e060d2f3246b1e26359017877f0d4b)
图4-102 拉伸结果1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_135_7.jpg?sign=1739016827-ODFZMZEjoHZdv2g1kaPlbSG24Nsahut5-0-2043dbc6e9dba10ecdee4ad909934ef1)
图4-103 绘制分界线结果
Step 18 重复执行“拉伸”命令,配合“极轴追踪”功能,将另一个沙发拉伸为三人沙发。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_135_9.jpg?sign=1739016827-7hV4BCT1fEVbNhatx5D8brqg42CC6A4F-0-017de6f23b9a7b53be031597b08e205b)
Step 19 按“L”快捷键执行“直线”命令,配合“对象捕捉”功能绘制如图4-105所示的两条分界线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_135_11.jpg?sign=1739016827-49FcxsvNZrGQ4yBstVrac0haGrTRmbnp-0-1f9c447bf8d0c60abd089af78bc9b667)
图4-104 拉伸结果2
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_135_12.jpg?sign=1739016827-SCMo171nlnfzHq473taihHvP3kgdUPcN-0-a8adabe7f2ead03c0595b6e2b001c6bd)
图4-105 绘制两条分界线结果
Step 20 单击“默认”选项卡→“修改”面板→“旋转”按钮,将双人沙发旋转90°。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_135_15.jpg?sign=1739016827-qwmWsMs88jBmyGmnHKC2shU3c5lBZ2mn-0-9d306f5914a47062227952ceebc6c264)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_136_1.jpg?sign=1739016827-BuS1Xzu6f7YNw1ztk2BfCLBK6Sll3rI2-0-d559dfdcacb3f709f1e39830b4cf7f6e)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_136_2.jpg?sign=1739016827-YF5utcnUuQpqR0gG6E3kYZf7NQloaySL-0-257ff93e7a08875740cfa676163fec68)
图4-106 窗口选择框
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_136_3.jpg?sign=1739016827-TrK7PNLqbUJPP7d9rOnZiebD2swLKxbh-0-887ae4c3b9e0d6a2063df2a8a22a2ad0)
图4-107 双人沙发旋转90°结果
Step 21 重复执行“旋转”命令,将单人沙发旋转-90°。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_136_5.jpg?sign=1739016827-fwBp2TnRhyM0yCxEJ2bIyy4rj8GxHYf2-0-eaf388ea100eca35703a96d31e26b11e)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_136_6.jpg?sign=1739016827-n3PMQx7vNGRcGCCUqnhuG8qsU9s0lm4W-0-3cff7e3cffd0bc921e1e47cd978d1210)
图4-108 选择单人沙发
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_136_7.jpg?sign=1739016827-dLoc4QOj8dAnu8S6eJ7a8qc6yJf2vJ5g-0-c2b59ff868ab87a22622985bb6b15118)
图4-109 单人沙发旋转90°结果
Step 22 按“M”快捷键执行“移动”命令,将单人沙发、双人沙发和三人沙发进行移动,组合成沙发组。组合结果如图4-110所示。
Step 23 按“REC”快捷键执行“矩形”命令,绘制如图4-111所示的矩形作为茶几。
Step 24 单击“默认”选项卡→“修改”面板→“旋转”按钮,将如图4-111所示的沙发组旋转180°,旋转结果如图4-112所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_136_12.jpg?sign=1739016827-FFrXvAvqfJX2YYf1trWI0O2yer3Mrl7m-0-ea0fb9c8430001a04cae70c368d58953)
图4-110 组合结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_136_13.jpg?sign=1739016827-frFRzLlIuvaRmov3asQZt6rqxR3bxip8-0-065a63ecfee36530ee8e6c17d920feb8)
图4-111 绘制茶几结果
Step 25 执行“缩放”命令,配合“两点之间的中点”功能对茶几进行缩放并复制。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_137_1.jpg?sign=1739016827-Wr2eDxUW22AOEQ14kecImbayqBwVRbgi-0-d0015a8d5291e08f4eff201c215d9484)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_137_2.jpg?sign=1739016827-ldXNXjXsGbUS3zfzJEJ9AhWFRi07d5ka-0-3e268e189a37eb86070abe8da590496a)
图4-112 沙发组旋转180°结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_137_3.jpg?sign=1739016827-kIccjyxszcBl4ZSGxJRetQBtUsN6A5ma-0-710cdeb4f026206738b3b0dda00a5336)
图4-113 缩放并复制结果
Step 26 按“H”快捷键执行“图案填充”命令,打开图案填充和渐变色对话框,设置填充图案和填充参数1如图4-114所示,为茶几填充如图4-115所示的图案。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_137_5.jpg?sign=1739016827-Dt5sNBH59gkSjOdhEeIZplGw6Umrs8j6-0-81ec8d85d169ed3f939ea7031efe9ac1)
图4-114 设置填充图案和填充参数1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_137_6.jpg?sign=1739016827-2cV21x94hLz78qWIa8vLVpj5mzQfeaOL-0-5801120a98702e6c261440dd8db7904b)
图4-115 填充结果1
Step 27 重复执行“图案填充”命令,打开图案填充和渐变色对话框,设置填充图案和填充参数2如图4-116所示,为沙发填充如图4-117所示的图案。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_137_8.jpg?sign=1739016827-034YsNvRh9fOVFxUfxXiYmPNY9URSbxy-0-256dba9583c119006dbe1560c9b47a28)
图4-116 设置填充图案和填充参数2
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_137_9.jpg?sign=1739016827-n8uwuAoRjiK5QSjOAmPnDAjzEUGB8GLC-0-107d2cdd1eb08860179cf80acdcf4e93)
图4-117 填充结果2
Step 28 重复执行“图案填充”命令,打开图案填充和渐变色对话框,设置填充图案和填充参数3如图4-118所示,为沙发填充如图4-119所示的图案。
Step 29 执行“保存”命令,将图形命名存储为“上机实训二.dwg”。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_138_2.jpg?sign=1739016827-2QEm9chwL1xhqHhJmN0flt87BjERPd0f-0-367685386f4c37900082182c8a9da76b)
图4-118 设置填充图案和填充参数3
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_138_3.jpg?sign=1739016827-VMFo4AtLPi68dbftVjaBSjvrvzH6AF2e-0-f434d009a4e5d98947eea57c82e5c80b)
图4-119 填充结果3