- AutoCAD 2020室内设计从入门到精通(升级版)
- 周晓飞
- 1308字
- 2021-02-26 11:28:51
2.7 上机实训——绘制鞋柜立面图
本节通过绘制鞋柜立面图,对本章所讲述的绘图单位、绘图界限、视图的缩放、点的输入与捕捉追踪等多种基础操作技能进行综合练习和巩固应用。绘制鞋柜立面图效果如图2-57所示。
操作步骤
Step 01 单击“标准”工具栏→“新建”按钮,在打开的“选择样板”对话框(见图2-58)中选择“acadISO-Named Plot Styles”样板文件作为基础样板,创建文件。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_49_1.jpg?sign=1739017780-JWbqqiXXBwhzrdpwpzpwmHNqU7t1Lfm8-0-fe8642419e7132d8dc97fa7c1ed8706a)
图2-57 绘制鞋柜立面图效果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_49_2.jpg?sign=1739017780-9bWBlI95OxxHt048KuEbUShckds8GLJL-0-0658a93cb3830e943ef5a9ef5ee70574)
图2-58 “选择样板”对话框
Step 02 选择菜单栏中的“格式”→“图形界限”命令,将图形界限设置为1400x1000,命令行提示如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_49_4.jpg?sign=1739017780-z4mMnBcZCnHh9NaEZeOQ7egzYxid6qrK-0-209c3560dd90139f614f5aa9f6b7bd64)
Step 03 选择菜单栏中的“视图”→“缩放”→“全部”命令,将图形界限全部显示。
Step 04 选择菜单栏中的“格式”→“单位”命令,将绘图单位设置为毫米,设置长度类型为小数,精度为0。
Step 05 单击“绘图”面板→“直线”按钮,配合坐标输入功能绘制外部轮廓线,命令行提示如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_49_9.jpg?sign=1739017780-e5aNo7kSo99zLIUI2L6fAPMT3WLAADUW-0-476ddcf944b4df7daae0b784a1e551b0)
Step 06 选择菜单栏“工具”→“绘图设置”命令,在打开的“草图设置”对话框中设置“对象捕捉模式”,如图2-60所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_49_11.jpg?sign=1739017780-RQ2QP0NFltY4xklA4w29FVXqJpNRuqKF-0-985c339febd8f67a9c714a58afc809f2)
图2-59 绘制外部轮廓线结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_49_12.jpg?sign=1739017780-rsd3inyPU3ILtQldNnoQAEOInELev7vY-0-cd96c5e28bbcfb68023d3f99e9fde8cf)
图2-60 设置“对象捕捉模式”
Step 07 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“直线”命令,配合点的捕捉功能绘制内部轮廓线,命令行提示如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_50_1.jpg?sign=1739017780-Ie5KpYkK0Aei24zywotXpdAgerC01rWj-0-18361ac32e2fee76bbf604224ec1de81)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_50_2.jpg?sign=1739017780-m5eCCAPqez52LhSyJdZOfTONk75utswc-0-8793fac522d23606d65d0b3c10529175)
图2-61 引出延伸线1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_50_3.jpg?sign=1739017780-xOCW28GKyglLqa7RBNK0VAOjLppKqY4r-0-a188eb7659d67debd7976a625bbdad94)
图2-62 捕捉垂足点1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_50_4.jpg?sign=1739017780-HEGSJUMWyiwW550aF5Y0dcqGUjJ8LeqC-0-acdceb27231b144f462b987de280edae)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_50_5.jpg?sign=1739017780-SCKl0vGNll5pvWnUPLvo49sgozn7u7BP-0-c7f54e08332ead71b897f7367a126f7a)
图2-63 引出延伸线2
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_50_6.jpg?sign=1739017780-FVWSf11dwPRBjvxIMgYoHaFjsyThbS6B-0-975625abc001cd4fc840b903c8b6ebb7)
图2-64 捕捉垂足点2
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_50_7.jpg?sign=1739017780-P7ulb4gwhb5szLspnFMKhhhhFVZ4i6Eo-0-ccf83b67c1793901c3e7715a32bbf5d6)
图2-65 绘制内部轮廓线结果
Step 08 重复执行“直线”命令,配合“两点之间的中点”“垂直捕捉”“延伸捕捉”等功能绘制内部的水平轮廓线,命令行提示如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_50_9.jpg?sign=1739017780-EY0l0nkDzTlZ9DXHj0Qji7WxeEqopg5b-0-b50f7629b0d4c2577553ecea03f283fa)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_50_10.jpg?sign=1739017780-Y5X4f250AtlJgrQKTwkKuzfwJfTWYStQ-0-0082854741ef8cb2a4021fead0849a61)
图2-66 引出延伸线3
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_50_11.jpg?sign=1739017780-ndLztcUi5JRagAn1Ux2GTw104lN8Gm5t-0-bc9085aab705d558359546ae13dc2b17)
图2-67 捕捉垂足点3
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_50_12.jpg?sign=1739017780-zdjbLWcf1Kmx8xwAEtj4PrWQpUgcYoIG-0-7f7cb73d96af6f95bbcc54c3390025ab)
图2-68 绘制内部的水平轮廓线结果1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_50_13.jpg?sign=1739017780-GaA24cQ6Fatf3be60aFPXN75g5qriSTB-0-ccf74ca32d766353e2784a5b44671994)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_51_1.jpg?sign=1739017780-mayzQyUxts47ijazZeRXGBEAfjdQYqeu-0-385228fc419c7d607c347ace6164df23)
图2-69 捕捉端点1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_51_2.jpg?sign=1739017780-mp6ZhQsYyUqybfMov2zU1ySWhOv59FV1-0-40f5c1a8456fb37dd5e179b119da7a46)
图2-70 捕捉端点2
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_51_3.jpg?sign=1739017780-UiSuSJ322DMgqKPMSnVDN8D8c5KiZFEx-0-48aed205feb087b95b76bf97e8d124cf)
图2-71 捕捉垂足点4
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_51_4.jpg?sign=1739017780-xvfbBE6TGS76wcU7SozrS8kILCsEFDNl-0-fa00f1e753c7017f47b4b2d7f02ad3ff)
图2-72 绘制内部的水平轮廓线结果2
小技巧
在捕捉对象上的特征点时,只需要将光标放在对象的特征点处,系统会自动显示出相应的捕捉标记,此时单击即可精确捕捉该特征点。
Step 09 选择菜单栏中的“工具”→“新建UCS”→“原点”命令,以左下侧轮廓线的端点作为原点,对坐标系进行平移,如图2-73所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_51_6.jpg?sign=1739017780-6DxFzFlEV2Wuz9EZidpx05SJnprPNUYD-0-f39b04bf6e4d9af4611ccac44abc5834)
图2-73 平移坐标系
Step 10 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“直线”命令,配合点的坐标输入功能绘制立面图内部结构,命令行提示如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_51_8.jpg?sign=1739017780-MboUSWiG7nVRv9IfkgZQFBNk3XHOFiDI-0-e97a0b5073db6e361a3fb726c101353c)
小技巧
如果在输入点的坐标时不慎出错,可以使用“放弃”功能,即放弃上一步操作,而不必重新执行命令。另外“闭合”选项用于绘制首尾相连的闭合图形。
Step 11 选择菜单栏中的“格式”→“线型”命令,打开“线型管理器”对话框,单击按钮,加载一种名为“HIDDEN”的线型,加载后的对话框如图2-75所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_52_3.jpg?sign=1739017780-CLI8GkVBRY0JeTTIYpvQSZ6jE3TirNpN-0-6e1ed7f826743cf0eb0d9a107d16572d)
图2-74 绘制立面图内部结构结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_52_4.jpg?sign=1739017780-m0kZuNpZ7ImJ4zKhmv4YdvtWmIIFmgcy-0-99da2fe53ffcec28721923c83909fd31)
图2-75 加载线型
Step 12 选择“HIDDEN”线型后单击按钮,加载此线型,并设置线型比例参数。加载结果如图2-76所示。
Step 13 将刚加载的“HIDDEN”线型设置为当前线型,然后选择菜单栏中的“格式”→“颜色”命令,设置当前颜色为“洋红”,如图2-77所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_52_8.jpg?sign=1739017780-7zAeFC3zXEpIXYoGXhMFT7Wqzf1UvE6s-0-928db280e4cfe9287e212bb194f92a4c)
图2-76 加载结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_52_9.jpg?sign=1739017780-bVhCRzdpu8ayW6FdozEYEVTnw15ZlnPH-0-70fc4e03f74319073ac69e3536908a23)
图2-77 设置当前颜色
Step 14 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“直线”命令,配合“捕捉端点”和“捕捉中点”功能绘制方向线,命令行提示如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_52_11.jpg?sign=1739017780-JlXwoazBYFEMejHp3bPMrzNrwIoNRXJI-0-1be5b3c54f5c5cf408abe7fa99c44554)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_53_1.jpg?sign=1739017780-OycvbFB4InSyRqX5hVtw3UldHuD7WgxG-0-df0a5dda05fd0ede0a17425bc407ad20)
图2-78 捕捉端点3
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_53_2.jpg?sign=1739017780-PO0eAe14bOMPstNTBJDJXeascMHOR2Rd-0-e316f35dc9476661df14f78d287f4153)
图2-79 捕捉中点1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_53_3.jpg?sign=1739017780-hp9dlCbZhod3PaKk9Lw1tYwwrwkxxMjs-0-7a2b37f392db9d30a3830789ef03f54a)
图2-80 捕捉端点4
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_53_4.jpg?sign=1739017780-26W9gvdJHJyb6pJI5NmUMxlkzy7mFode-0-ca95e8cfe14fa4dc958ceb70171f22d4)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_53_5.jpg?sign=1739017780-A1f0HFsvVg3bOQQAoLlfLhZ8nS8f6Evr-0-d47e3e238d22e566eb97ef1c578297fa)
图2-81 捕捉端点5
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_53_6.jpg?sign=1739017780-oFZnSX6AqfO7BrdVS1DNiW8k4Acj1Voc-0-d00017d4b442ff5a0471d32293bb3670)
图2-82 捕捉中点2
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_53_7.jpg?sign=1739017780-ZsgWjDBp6kr9WAN8GGZVLlV9kLzGWeAa-0-e32ea5697988708cef736d72658f9cf3)
图2-83 捕捉端点6
小技巧
当结束某个命令时,可以按“Enter”键;当中止某个命令时,可以按“Esc”键。
Step 15 选择菜单栏中的“视图”→“显示”→“UCS图标”→“开”命令,隐藏坐标系图标,如图2-85所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_53_9.jpg?sign=1739017780-muVxder4DGcMYhRzyFuNpcsWB2EIjy6s-0-eba9d720d6b00458fede9730cebdfdaf)
图2-84 绘制方向线结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_53_10.jpg?sign=1739017780-4rRYrRKLvJxB6k3FwvkH5aQtNKIRPT0P-0-2b1ff57fa190066c2f6c42991ce29031)
图2-85 隐藏坐标系图标
Step 16 单击“标准”工具栏→“保存”按钮,将图形命名存储为“上机实训.dwg”。