Configuring IP addressing

By default, Windows uses DHCP to configure any NICs that are found during the installation process. Once you complete the installation of Windows, you can use the settings application netsh.exe, or, of course, PowerShell to set IP configuration manually.

Getting ready

This recipe runs on SRV2.Reskit.Org. This host is a domain-joined system with an NIC that is initially set up to be configured from DHCP.

How to do it...

  1. Get existing IP address information for SRV2: 
    $IPType = 'IPv4'
$Adapter = Get-NetAdapter |
  Where-Object Status -eq 'Up'    
$Interface = $Adapter |
  Get-NetIPInterface -AddressFamily $IPType
$IfIndex = $Interface.ifIndex
$IfAlias = $Interface.Interfacealias
Get-NetIPAddress -InterfaceIndex $Ifindex -AddressFamily $IPType
  2. Set the IP address for SRV2: 
    $IPHT = @{
  InterfaceAlias = $IfAlias
  PrefixLength   = 24
  IPAddress      = '10.10.10.51'
  DefaultGateway = '10.10.10.254'
  AddressFamily  = $IPType
}
New-NetIPAddress @IPHT | Out-Null
  3. Set the DNS server details: 
    $CAHT = @{
  InterfaceIndex  = $IfIndex
  ServerAddresses = '10.10.10.10'
}
Set-DnsClientServerAddress @CAHT
  4. Test the new configuration: 
    Get-NetIPAddress -InterfaceIndex $IfIndex -AddressFamily IPv4
Test-NetConnection -ComputerName DC1.Reskit.Org
Resolve-DnsName -Name SRV2.Reskit.Org -Server DC1.Reskit.Org |
  Where-Object Type -eq 'A'

How it works...

In step 1, you examined the current IP configuration for SRV2, which looks like this:

In step 2, you set a static IP address for the NIC in SRV2, which produces no output. In step 3, you set the DNS server IP address, which also produces no output.

In step 4, you tested the new IP configuration, which looks like this:

There's more...

In step 1, you used the Get-NetIPConfiguration cmdlet. Two other closely related cmdlets that were not shown in the recipe are Get-NetIPInterface and Get-NetAdapter. Both provide additional information about the network adapter/network interface.

In step 4, you checked the IP configuration by using Get-NetIPAddress to show the IP address and subnet mask. You could have used the Get-NetIPConfiguration cmdlet to return the IP address and subnet mask, plus details of the default gateway and your DNS server IP address.

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