- 28天学会英语语法
- 李文昊 易人外语教研组
- 488字
- 2020-08-29 11:57:53
3-2 助动词
1.助动词的概念
助动词就是协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的动词。被协助的动词称作主要动词(main verb)。英语中的助动词主要有:
be(been, being, am, are, is, was, were)have(has, had)
shall, will, should, would do(does, did)
2.助动词的作用
助动词本身无词义,不可单独使用,它仅仅是用来帮助主要动词构成各种时态、语态、语气以及否定和疑问结构。
(1)助动词用来构成疑问句。
Do you want to achieve your dreams?你想实现自己的梦想吗?
(2)助动词与否定副词not合用,构成否定句。
He doesn't want to share his secrets with her even he loves her so much.尽管他很爱她,但他不愿意和她分享自己的秘密。
(3)助动词表示时态。
I will be arriving in London on time.我将准时到达伦敦。(表示将来进行时)
I have just finished my homework.我刚刚完成家庭作业。(表示现在完成时)
(4)助动词表示语态。
He was sent to prison by the police.他被警察送进了监狱。(表示被动语态)
You know my father hates being interrupted.你知道我爸爸不喜欢别人打断他的话。(动名词的被动式)
(5)助动词用来加强语气。
I do love you, and you should believe me.我真的很爱你,你应该相信我。
(6)由had, should, would, should have, would have等构成各种虚拟语气。
If I had Susan's appearance, I'd take part in the beauty contest.如果我有苏珊的容貌,我就会去参加选美大赛。
The soup would have been better if it had had less salt.假如少放点盐,这汤会更好喝。